nunpir
Keywords: body parts, emotions
| Pronunciation (IPA): | 'num.bir |
|---|---|
| Part of Speech: | term noun verb |
| Class: | pali |
| Forms: | nunpir, nunpirys, nunpirysyn |
| Glosses: | liver, brave, bravery, courageous |
Description:
The term 'nunpir' has the base meaning of 'liver', as in the organ. It has the metaphorical extension of bravery and courage.
In Old Common, this term was another member of the set of paired terms (compare to trop, heart), with a concrete gendered version, 'nonpir', that referred to a literal liver, and an abstract gendered version, 'nunpir', which referred to the idea of courage. When the gender system collapsed, this is an example of a term where the meanings collapsed together and one of them fell out of use. In thic case, the concrete term was lost and the sense of a literal liver was assumed into nunpir.
Noun:
As a noun, 'nunpir' as a literal liver, and also the idea of bravery and courage. Occasionally, the derived term nunpirysyn to enforce the abstract meaning.
Modifier:
As a modifier, 'nunpirys' means brave or courageous.
Verb:
As a verb, 'nunpir' is an intransitive pali verb meaning 'to be brave'. I takes an absolutive subject which is the brave one. To specify brave against what, a periphrastic argument in the nominative case introduced by 'erpa', 'against', is required.