Description:

The term 'kalla' refers to war, or struggle in general, including metaphorical struggle, by comparing it to war.

Noun:

As a noun, 'kalla' refers to a literal war, or a war-like struggle. It can be used metaphorically to refer to personal struggles. The derived form 'kallaka' means a belligerent or a party to a war.

Verb:

As a verb, 'kalla' means to be at war or to wage war. It is an intransitive pali verb that takes an absolutive belligerent. The party one is waging war against can be added periphrastically using the preposition 'erpa' (the preposition 'u' can be used, in which case the sense is that the other party isn't fighting back). To talk about someone as an ally rather than an opponent in waging war together, the ally would be introduced with usútta. Example:

A Kaskátija sea kalla usútta na Mehiko erpa na Tehas.
The(ERG) Cascadia stand(P.IM) war beside Mexico against Texas.

'Cascadia, allied with Mexico, was waging war against Texas.'

Modifier:

As a modifier, the basic form 'kallas' is hard to directly translate into English, but generally describes a situation or relationship as warlike or belligerent, or otherwise difficult or a struggle. The derised for 'kallakas', in contrast, is usually used to refer to a quality of a person as the kind of person who is belligerent or has a warlike attitude.